I've written numerous times on the need for redesign of
our nation's coinage. And many in the hobby appear to share
my view that America is overdue -- way, way overdue -- for a
change in its pocket change.
We will, of course, have partial redesign on the
Washington quarter starting in 1999, when the U.S. Mint
begins a 10-year program to honor the 50 states. But what we
really need is a top-to-bottom, obverse-and-reverse overhaul
of every single circulating coin.
The arguments are familiar after all these futile years
of trying to get someone -- anyone with influence -- to give
this plea a fair and thorough hearing at the Treasury and/or
Congress:
- Our current coins are boring.
- They've been around too long and have lost the
emotional impact they may have possessed at one time.
- Exciting new coins would stir Americans' pride and
lift the nation's spirit as we enter the 21st century.
- And looking far beyond that, our culture will seem
puny to future civilizations if we're judged on the basis of
the uninspiring coins we use today -- and continue to
produce, in monotonous profusion, decade after decade after
decade.
There are selfish reasons, too, why collectors in
particular should embrace the idea of coinage redesign -- and
although these may carry little or no weight with the people
in Washington, they merit consideration by those in our hobby
who have balked at redesign up to now.
One of these reasons came into sharp perspective for me
as I was preparing an article on Liberty Head nickels. This
series was marked by singular blandness for most of its 30-
year run, but there was great excitement -- and numismatic
appeal -- bunched at the beginning and the end.
It struck me that the 1883 "racketeer" nickel and the
coveted 1913 "V" nickel both were made possible by -- you
guessed it! -- coinage redesign.
There never would have been a no-CENTS nickel for
confidence men to gold-plate in 1883 if the Mint hadn't
dropped the Shield nickel design and replaced it with the
Liberty Head version. And instead of being a rarity with
just five pieces known, the 1913 Liberty nickel would have
been made by the millions if the series had just gone on (as
the Jefferson nickel does now) and never given way to the
Buffalo design in 1913.
A disproportionate number of the rarest, most valuable
and most eagerly collected U.S. coins in this century came
into being in either the FIRST year of a series or the LAST.
Consider these examples:
- The 1909-S Indian Head cent, a final-year issue, is
the lowest-mintage coin in its series, and one of the most
valuable.
- The 1909-S VDB cent, a first-year issue, has long been
regarded as the king of Lincolns. It has the lowest mintage
and one of the highest price tags.
- The 1909-S Lincoln cent without the VDB is also a low-
mintage, high-octane collectible.
- The 1916-D Mercury dime, another first-year issue, is
the lowest-mintage coin in THAT series and ranks right up
with the S VDB cent at the top of many collectors' all-time
wish lists.
- The 1916 Standing Liberty quarter, also a first-year
issue, is one of the greatest rarities of this century, with
a mintage of only 52,000.
There are numerous other coins of somewhat lesser
rarity -- but more than passing interest -- from the first
and last years of various series.
These include the two Buffalo nickel varieties of 1913
... the low-mintage 1915 Barber half dollar ... the 1916
Walking Liberty half dollars with mint marks on the obverse
... the low-mintage 1921 Peace dollar ... and the scarce
1932-D and S Washington quarters and 1938-D and S Jefferson
nickels.
Even the much-scorned Susan B. Anthony dollar gave us
two first-year coins of special note: the 1979 "near-date"
(or "wide-rim") variety and the 1979-S proof with
a clear mint mark.
There are good reasons why mintages tend to be lower in
the first and last years of a series, and why interesting
varieties tend to occur when a coin is new.
In some cases, two different coin types of the same
denomination are made in the same year, and that holds down
the mintages for both. That's what happened with cents in
1909, dimes and quarters in 1916, silver dollars in 1921 and
nickels in 1938.
Sometimes the new coins don't get on the presses until
very late in the year, and that curtails mintages even more
-- as happened with the 1916 Standing Liberty quarter and
1921 Peace dollar.
Collectible varieties occur more frequently in a coin's
first year because adjustments often must be made as
unexpected problems come to light.
The Buffalo nickel's mound was leveled, for example,
because the words FIVE CENTS -- stamped atop the mound --
proved to be too exposed and susceptible to wear. And the
letters VDB were removed from the Lincoln cent, creating the
rare variety, because of public outcry against this "self-
promotion" by designer Victor D. Brenner.
Redesign is marvelous for the hobby. It recharges
collectors' batteries, stimulates public interest and
attracts new recruits.
It also tends to produce exciting new collectibles. And
one or two of those would make a perfect antidote for
monotony.